1. Terms are called first-order, second-order, ect. because of the exponent the initial concentration of a reactant is raised to. For example, a first-order reaction would be r ∞ [A]¹, it is first order in respect to the [A]. A second-order reaction would be r ∞ [A]².
2.a) [Cl2(g)] is first order reaction. [NO(g)]² is second order reaction. b) If the [Cl2(g)] was doubled, the rate would also double. c) If the [NO(g)]² was tripled, the rate would have to be multiplied by 9. d) r = k [Cl2(g)] [NO(g)]²
00.242 mol/(L·s) = k [0.20 mol/L] [ 0.20 mol/L]
30.25 L²/(mol²·s) = k
(textbook answer k = 3.0 L/(mol·s)) e)r =3.00 [0.44 mol/L] [0.025 mol/L]²
r =8.25 x 104 mol/(L·s)
3.a) r = k [Antibiotic] b) k t½ =0.693
(1.40 a-1) t½ =0.693
t½ =0.495 a c) (assuming a stands for annums which means years) number of half-lives in 2.0 years =2.0 a / 0.495 a
number of half-lives in 2.0 years =4 half-lives
m =20 g x (½)⁴
m =1.22 g
(textbook answer 2.5 g)
4. number of half-lives in 1.84 x 10^6 a =1.84 x 10^6 a / 2.3 x 10^5 a
number of half-lives in 1.84 x 10^6 a =8 half-lives
m =10.0 g x (½)^8
m =0.039 g
5. Rate =1/t [H2O2] | Rate (1/t)
0.0042 | 0.0140
0.0018 | 0.0059
Difference:
(2.3)^m 2.3
m =1
The reation is first-order of reaction in respect to the [H2O2].
1. Terms are called first-order, second-order, ect. because of the exponent the initial concentration of a reactant is raised to. For example, a first-order reaction would be r ∞ [A]¹, it is first order in respect to the [A]. A second-order reaction would be r ∞ [A]².
2. a) [Cl2(g)] is first order reaction. [NO(g)]² is second order reaction.
b) If the [Cl2(g)] was doubled, the rate would also double.
c) If the [NO(g)]² was tripled, the rate would have to be multiplied by 9.
d) r = k [Cl2(g)] [NO(g)]²
00.242 mol/(L·s) = k [0.20 mol/L] [ 0.20 mol/L]
30.25 L²/(mol²·s) = k
(textbook answer k = 3.0 L/(mol·s))
e)r =3.00 [0.44 mol/L] [0.025 mol/L]²
r =8.25 x 104 mol/(L·s)
3. a) r = k [Antibiotic]
b) k t½ =0.693
(1.40 a-1) t½ =0.693
t½ =0.495 a
c) (assuming a stands for annums which means years) number of half-lives in 2.0 years =2.0 a / 0.495 a
number of half-lives in 2.0 years =4 half-lives
m =20 g x (½)⁴
m =1.22 g
(textbook answer 2.5 g)
4. number of half-lives in 1.84 x 10^6 a =1.84 x 10^6 a / 2.3 x 10^5 a
number of half-lives in 1.84 x 10^6 a =8 half-lives
m =10.0 g x (½)^8
m =0.039 g
5. Rate =1/t
[H2O2] | Rate (1/t)
0.0042 | 0.0140
0.0018 | 0.0059
Difference:
(2.3)^m 2.3
m =1
The reation is first-order of reaction in respect to the [H2O2].
These answers have been posted by Chris Johnson